There are Windows-based Docker containers but those are rarely supported or even used at any scale to my knowledge.

I think they only work on Windows-servers and possibly some Azure-service. I assume they are hard to work with in general.

Even with CMS12 it's a bit cumbersome to host in Linux-based containers on your own... A bit fuzzy to me how licensing works.

Technically it can be done. I have investigated it for customers with their own Hyper-V environments. But I never got further than that.

You will basically be building on top of an image that includes Windows Server Core and .NET framework 4.8.

If you want to move to AWS, you might as well use Elastic Beanstalk. It may be much simpler.

as @johan mentioned it most likely can be done but doing so in a container environment also requires you to look into the licensing if possible since you might not be bound to one "on--prem" server anymore. Hosting in Azure or AWS in general is not a problem, perhaps using container is but I would the look into upgrading first as well to later version of .net since it comes with less dependencies to windows.